Joe Palooka has been appointed as a sales agent for his company,

Joe Palooka has been appointed as a sales agent for his company, Pretty
in Pink (PIP). Frustrated with his low commissions, Joe independently obtained his own supplier of pink tutus that he sells for PIP. When he makes sales calls, he offers both types of tutus, but his own tutus are lower in price and, most importantly, he keeps all of the profit. In offering his own tutus, Joe has violated which critical obligation that an agent owes to his principal?

a. Duty of Confidentiality

b. Duty to make big bucks

c. Duty of accountability

d. Duty of loyalty