1. Popular press coverage of scientific, peer-reviewed articles are always misleading.

A. True

B. False

2. In this module’s reading by Lewsey, published in 2021, it was said or suggested that

A. all of the answers given here are correct

B. organized criminal behavior might have been partially responsible for the lesser reductions in homicide rates seen

C. potential criminals and victims not coming together in public spaces might have led to some crimes’ reductions

D. homicide might not have reduced as much as other crimes because it can frequently happen in homes

3. Our module reading by Nivette et al. (2021), used, in part, an Interrupted Time Series (ITS) data analysis. Its “interruption”, was:

A. the stringency of the lock-down measure, for each city for which data were collected

B. the day of the start of the lock-down, for each city the data of which were analyzed

C. the day on which the crime ‘pivoted’– that is, reversed from trending up to down, or vice versa

4. A “treatment variable” can be thought of as a(n):

A. Dependent variable

B. Independent variable

5. Supplementary materials made available by some scientific, peer-reviewed articles’ authors, were briefly discussed in lecture. An example of what these can contain was said to be:

A. the dataset(s) that was/were analyzed, to produce the article’s Results

B. in cross-cultural psychological studies, maps of areas sampled

C. a full listing of datasources and means of accessing each

6. Calculation of a multi-day, moving average of a dependent variable (DV), in cross-cultural research, can help ensure that that DV is more comparable across countries observing different “weekends”.

A. False

B. True

7. A major Interrupted Time Series (ITS) analysis result of Nivette et al. (2021) was that:

A. both of the answers given here are correct

B. cities with a greater stay-at-home stringency index score tended to have a greater decline in crime

C. crimes’ rates tended to return to pre-lock-down levels, over time within lock-downs

8. As discussed in the required portion of our reading by Graham et al. (2013), Moral Foundations Theorists hold that multiple “irreducible basic elements” are not necessary to explain morality.

A. True

B. False

9. According to the required portion of our reading by Graham et al. (2013), a fundamental tenet of Moral Foundations Theory (MFT) is that:

A. an explanation of morality requires only one element

B. an explanation of morality requires multiple elements, none of which can be reduced

10. According to the required portion of our reading by Graham et al. (2013), Gilligan’s (1982) ‘ethic of care’ meant Kohlberg’s (1969) moral foundation of fairness:

A. was the most important moral foundation

B. had to be the only moral foundation

C. could not be the only moral foundation