is an M line considered a thick or thin line?

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is an M line considered a thick or thin line?

What are the major types of cancers? Which type of cancer accounts for most of the new cases/year and deaths/year due to cancer?

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What are the major types of cancers? Which type of cancer accounts for most of the new cases/year and deaths/year due to cancer? What are the 5 main steps in the path of cancer development that eventually lead to metastasis? In normal tissues, cell-cell contact generates an important signal input (so called “contact inhibition”) that controls entry into the cell cycle. What happens to this regulation in tumors?. How does the study of CML support the hypothesis that cancer development is initiated by a single abnormal cell? Does the accumulation of mutations follow a pre-determined order during cancer development? What are the key pieces of evidence that tumor progression involves successive rounds of randomly inherited change followed by natural selection What are the properties of the cancer cells that contribute to cancerous growth? What change in cancer cells allows them to divide indefinitely?

Distinguish between tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes. What are their normal functions in cell proliferation?

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Distinguish between tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes. What are their normal functions in cell proliferation? How do they work to suppress or promote tumor formation? Which class of genes requires mutations at both loci in a diploid organism, and which class requires only one copy to be mutated? Which genes are proto-oncogenes in the growth factor controlled pathway? What kind of mutations (gain-of-function or loss-of-function) in these genes can cause hyper-proliferation? Why do loss-of-function mutations of tumor suppressor genes drive cells towards cancer? Understand why P53 and Rb are classified as tumor suppressors. How does P53 activity prevent DNA replication in the presence of DNA damage? In the colorectal tumor syndrome that begins with the loss of the Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) gene, a common sequence of mutations often follows: the loss of APC leads to large numbers of polyps, the ras protein is mutated, the p53 protein function is lost. Briefly explain how this series of changes can contribute to the development of benign polyps into malignant tumors. (Note: The Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) gene is different from the Anaphase Promoting Complex (also called APC) gene!!) How does developing more sensitive and more accurate detection techniques help to fight cancer? What is the genetic cause for CML? Why is Gleevec effective in treating CML? One of the major break-throughs in cancer treatment is the development of anti-immune-checkpoint antibodies. Explain how this type of antibodies help to eliminate cancer cells in certain types of cancer, such as metastatic melanoma. What are the main environmental and lifestyle factors that influence the incidence of cancer?

Besides being the cutest animal of all time, sea otters play a key role in their food web. This became evident when human overfishing caused a decrease in sea lion populations that forced orcas to eat more sea otters.

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Besides being the cutest animal of all time, sea otters play a key role in their food web. This became evident when human overfishing caused a decrease in sea lion populations that forced orcas to eat more sea otters.

 

1) Without sea otters, you would expect the kelp population to experience a significant increase. ?

true / false

2) Without sea otters, you would expect the abalones to experience a significant increase.

true/false

3)If the sea lion population began to rebound, you would expect to see the kelp population rebound as well.

true/false

4) Human overfishing likely has a negative impact on crabs as well.

true/false

cells that undergo apoptosis, O phosphotidyl serine (PS) is found exclusively on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane.

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cells that undergo apoptosis, O phosphotidyl serine (PS) is found exclusively on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane. • the permeability of the plasma membrane is intact. ) cellular contents are released uncontrollably. none of the above.

when comparing meassured lenghths to expected lengths ide tify at least 2 factors that might explain why a person’s segment length is different from the expected length for a segment.

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when comparing meassured lenghths to expected lengths ide tify at least 2 factors that might explain why a person’s segment length is different from the expected length for a segment. explain your answer. do not use experimental error as a factor. 2. what might be a source of error in this experiment? how would you fix this problem?

Imagine that a true-breeding red-flowered snapdragon is crossed to a true-breeding white-flowered snapdragon.

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  1. Imagine that a true-breeding red-flowered snapdragon is crossed to a true-breeding white-flowered snapdragon.  All offspring are pink-flowered.  Diagram this cross, including genotypes for all P2 and F1 phenotypes.  What is the mode of inheritance?

What are the predicted phenotypic ratios of the offspring of the following crosses? 

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What are the predicted phenotypic ratios of the offspring of the following crosses?

AABb x AaBb

AaBb x aaBB

AaBB x AaBB

A polygenic trait has three loci. How many dominant alleles will the offspring of Eduardo (AABBCC) and Katje (aaBBcc) have?

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A polygenic trait has three loci.  How many dominant alleles will the offspring of Eduardo (AABBCC) and Katje (aaBBcc) have?

what are the two ways an antigen can get to a lymph node for activation of T cells 2. what is the role of perforin in the killing of target cells by CTL?what are the two ways an antigen can get to a lymph node for activation of T cells 2. what is the role of perforin in the killing of target cells by CTL?

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what are the two ways an antigen can get to a lymph node for activation of T cells 2. what is the role of perforin in the killing of target cells by CTL?